Toward sustainability in ferroalloys production
L. Holappa
Carbon reductants for the production of chrome and manganese alloys
A Jones
Changes in the ferrochrome and ferronickel markets
H Pariser, Dr Gerhard, and C Pariser
Trends and challenges in stainless steel industry
K Parvento
STATUS OF FERROALLOYS INDUSTRY
Session Chairperson:
Changes in the Northern American ferroalloys industry structure and trends in the industry during the past 20 years
JR Didaleusky, JD Jorgenson, LA Corathers, MD Fenton, PH Kuck, JF Papp, DE Polyak, and KB Shedd
Current situation and main trends of development of Russian ferroalloy industry
LI Leontyev and, VI Zhuchkov
Current state and prospects of ferroalloy industry of Kazakhstan
M Tolymbekov, S Baisanov, and S Kim
HEALTH
Session Chairperson:
Use of read-across in the health risk assessment of ferrochromium alloys under reach
H Stockman-Juvala, A Zitting, IO Wallinder, G Darrie, and T Santonen
Bioaccessibiliy of ferrochromium and ferrosilicon-chromium particles compared to pure metals and stainless steel- aspects of human exposure
K Midander, A de Frutos, Y Hedberg, G Darrie, and IO Wallinder
Theoretical and practical aspects of Cr(VI) in the South African ferrochrome industry
J P Beukes1, NF Dawson, and PG van Zyl
ENVIRONMENT - GENERAL
Session Chairperson:
How the ferroalloys industry can meet greenhouse gas regulations
T Lindstad, B Monsen, and KS Osen
Recycling of waste materials from production of FeMn and SiMn
S Gaal, M Tangstad, and B Ravary
A model for temperature measurement errors in off-gas channels
B Solvang and E Naess
ENVIRONMENT - FURNACES
Session Chairperson:
Improving environment in the tapping area of a ferromanganese furnace
B Ravary and S Gradahl
Silicon process- New hood design for tapping gas collection
M Kadkhodabeigi, H Tveit ,and KH Berget
Continuous improvement for fugitive emissions control
L Gunnewiek, B Ravary, P Cowx, and J Woloshyn
Design of tapping fume extraction systems for ferroalloys furnaces
L Els, C Coetzee, and O Vorster
ENVIRONMENT - DUSTS
Session Chairperson:
Process of manganese furnace dust: Drying and zinc oxide reduction
T Hamano, R Shen, G Zhang, P Brown, and O Ostrovski
Major ferroalloy producer improves furnace fume control system by installing baghouse with membrane filter bags
L Els, F Fereday, and O Vorster
Low temperature carbothermal reduction of siliceous manganese fines
R Kononov, O Ostrovski, and S Ganguly
RECOVERY FROM DUSTS AND SLAGS
Session Chairperson:
Vanadium recovery as FeV from petroleum fly ash
Y Xiao, CR Mambote, H Jalkanen, Y Yang, and R Boom
Recovery of vanadium from V-bearing BOF-slag using an EAF
M Lindvall, S Rutqvist, and G Ye
High purity Mn metal from Mn oxide dust produced during FeMn refining process
KJ Lee, DS Min, CS Park, YK Park, and HC Jo S H.Hong
MODELLING AND SIMULATION
Session Chairperson:
Thermochemical computations in carbothermic and metallothermic ferroalloy processes
B Derin, O Yucel, and K Hack
Building a FeNi smelter simulator
H Oterdoom and R Degel
A thermodynamic study on the oxidation of silicon, carbon and chromium in the ferrochrome converter
EP Heikkinen, T Ikäheimonen, O Mattila, and T Fabritius
FERROCHROMIUM FUNDAMENTALS
Session Chairperson:
Thermodynamic analysis of chrome reduction with aluminium silicon
A Akuov, M Tolymbekov, Kasenov, and A Yesenzhulov
Petrographic analysis of low-carbon ferrochrome slag
A Konarbaeva, A Akuov, and M Tolymbekov
FERROCHROMIUM - PRETREATMENT FOR SMELTING
Session Chairperson: M. Kauppi
Pre-reduction and smelting characteristics of Kazakhstan ore samples
SD McCullough, SAC Hockaday, C Johnson, and NA Barcza
Effects of oxidation on the microstructure and reduction of chromite pellets
B Zhao and PC Hayes
Research and development initiatives on the briquetting technology and its commercialisation for Richards Bay plant
R Sen, D Mukherjee, J Van Vuuren, W De Villiers, and S Banerjee
Research of briquetting process of fine chromium ores
AV Pavlov, YV Zavalishina, VA Grygorian, KL Kossyrev, and OV Chadaeva
Coal based direct reduction of preoxidised chromite ore at high temperature
G Kapure, V Tathavadkar, CB Rao, SM Rao, and KS Raju
FERROCHROMIUM SMELTING
Session Chairperson:
A laboratory investigation of the influence of electric current on the burden reaction in a submerged arc furnace
A Rousu, OMattila and P Tanskanen
Utilization of substandard and off grade raw materials for chromium and manganese ferroalloys production
VI Zhuchkov, OV Zayakin and AV Zhdanov
Preliminary characterization of the samples taken from a submerged arc ferrochrome furnace during operation
J Ollila, P Niemelä, A Rousu, and O Mattila
REDUCTANTS
Session Chairperson:
Slag-carbon reactivity
J Safarian and M Tangstad
Modelling and optimisation of anthracite treatment in an electrocalcinator
MM Gasik, MI Gasik, OYu Urazlina, and SV Kutuzov
Influence of coke particle size on the electrical resistivity of coke beds
PA Eidem , M Tangstad, JA Bakken, and R Ishak
Reductant characterization and selection for ferrochrome production
G Makhoba , and RH Eric
FERROCHROMIUM PRODUCTION
Session Chairperson: P. Niemala
Some aspects of the production of ferrochrome alloys in pilot DC arc furnaces at Mintek
SAC Hockaday and K Bisaka
Process for effective utilization of low grade chromite overburden
G Kapure, CB Rao, V Tathavadkar, and KS Raju
Zimbabwe alloys ferro chromium production: From cradle to grave sustainability
J Chirasha and NR Shoko
Simulation of the production of ferrochromium in submerged-arc furnace
S Rangnathan, KM Godiwalla, NV Satyanarayana , P Kumar, V Rao, AK Roy, and B Srikant
FERROCHROMIUM REFINING
Session Chairperson:
Oxidation kinetics of ferrochrome under controlled oxygen pressures
H Wang, NN Viswanathan and S Seetharaman
Refining of charge chrome; a study of some products and applications
CJ Rick
The aluminothermic production of extra low carbon ferrochromium from low grade chromite ore
MM Eissa, KA El-Fawakhry, ML Mishreky, and HR EI-Faramawy
FERROMANGANESE - PRETREATMENT FOR SMELTING
Session Chairperson:
Properties of manganese ores and their change in the process of calcination
B Sorensen, S Gaal, M Tangstad, E Ringdalen, R Kononov, and O Ostrovski
Decrepitation of Brazilian manganese lump ores
G L Faria, NCS Vianna, N Jannotti, CB Vieira, and FG da Silva Araújo
Behaviour of agglomerates in ferromanganese production
M Tangstad, D Leroy and E Ringdalen
Upgrading of Mn/Fe ratio of low-grade manganese ore for ferromanganese production
V Kivinen, H Krogerus and J Daavittila
The effect of potassium and zinc circulation on agglomeration of charge in SAF
D Slizovskiy and M Tangstad
Ore properties in melting and reduction reactions in silicomanganese production
E Ringdalen, S Gaal and O Otrovski
FERROMANGANESE SMELTING
Session Chairperson: M. Tangstad
Comparing manganese ferroalloy smelting in pilot-scale AC and DC submerged-arc furnaces
H Lagendijk, B Xakalashe, T Ligege, P Ntikang, and K Bisaka
Operational improvements of a submerged arc furnace in Kashima works (KF-1) relined in 2006
T Ishitobi, K Ichihara, T Homma, Chuo-Denki-Kogyo Co and Ltd Kashima Works
Complex processing of iron-manganese ore of Central Kazakhstan
Ye Samuratov, A Baisanov and M Tolymbekov
Furnace management in Eramet manganese during the 2009 crisis
G Folmo, C Perdon, T Hitier, R Ishak, F Wasser, and D Haaland
Influence of boron oxide on viscosity and conductivity of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-MnO slags
O Sariev, M Tolymbekov, A Akberdin, and A Kim
Multi-variation analysis and optimisation of electrical conductivity of MnO-SiO2-CaO slags
MM Gasik and MI Gasik
FERROMANGANESE REFINING
Session Chairperson:
Manganese ore and alloys piloting tools at Eramet research
A Soller, A Amalric, G Pochart, and G Nussbaum
Reaction of manganese containing slag with carbon substrate
H Sun, M Lone, S Ganguly, and O Ostrovski
Electric parameters for efficient smelting performance of HCFeMn alloy
YE Lee and M Tangstad
Development of a dynamic model for a manganese oxygen refining (MOR) converter
J Nell and I Nolet
Thermodynamical aspects of decarburization of manganese melts
VYa Dashevskiy and AG Kanevskiy
Thermodynamics of carbon removal by molten slags from manganese alloy melts
JH Park, GH Park, CI Park, JG Park, DJ Min, HC Jo, and YE Lee
Kinetics of nitriding of ferromanganese alloy
SN Ghali, KM El-Fawakhry, MM Eissa, and Mishreky
OTHER FERROALLOYS FUNDAMENTALS
Session Chairperson:
Thermochemical and kinetic databases for the solar cell silicon
K Tang, EJ Øvrelid, G Tranell, and M Tangstad
Slag phase equilibria and viscosities in ferronickel smelting slags
E Jak and PC Hayes
Phenomena in thermal treatment of lateritic nickel ores up to 1300 degrees centigrade
A Bunjaku, M Kekkonen and L Holappa
Phase diagram of Ti-Fe-Al system
Ye Zhumagaliev, S Baisanov, A Chekimbaev, and N Nurgali
Thermal analysis of agglomerated nickel ore
B Kelamanov, M Tolymbekov, K Kaskin, and A Baisanov
Small scale laboratory experiments simulating an industrial silicon furnace
M Tangstad , MKsiazek, V Andersen, and E Ringdalen
FERRONICKEL SMELTING
Session Chairperson:
Relevant aspects related to production of iron nickel alloys (pig iron containing nickel) in mini blast furnaces
P von Kruger, CA Silva, and CB Vieira, FGS Araujo, and V Seshadri
High power, shielded-arc FeNi furnace operation - challenges and solutions
C Walker, T Koehler, N Voermann, and B Wasmund
SNNC: A new ferronickel smelter in Korea
L Rodd, N Voermann, F Stober, and B Wasmund
FERROSILICON SMELTING
Session Chairperson:
Reaction zones in FeSi75 furnace- results from an industrial excavation
G Tranell, M Andersson, E Ringdalen, O Ostrovski, and JJ Steinmo
Current distribution in submerged arc furnaces for silicon metal/ ferrosilicon production
G Saevarsdottir and JA Bakken
Energy balance of a 45MW (ferro-) silicon submerged arc furnace
NE Kamfjord, EH Myrhaug, H Tveit, and B Wittgens
Waste heat utilization from a submerged arc furnace producing ferrosilicon
H Hjartarson, H Palsson, and G Saevarsdottir
ENGINEERING ASPECTS
Session Chairperson:
New TiO2 slag plant for CYMCO using 30MW DC furnace
A de Jong and D Mitchell
SAF water leak detection by the measurement of gaseous water vapour
P Dennis and Dr S Ganguly
Application of high intensity refractory cooling systems in pyrometallurgical vessel design
F Marx, M Shapiro, and B Henning
ENGINEERING ASPECTS - FURNACES I
Session Chairperson: P. Santala
Advanced modelling and baking of Soderberg electrodes
RP Meyjes, J Venter, and U van Rooyen
Mathematical and computational modelling of the dynamic behaviour of direct current plasma arcs
QG Reynolds, RT Jones, and BD Reddy
Low cost ferroalloy extraction in DC-arc furnace at Middleburg Ferrochrome
D Sager, D Grant, R Stadler, and T Schreiter
Development in the design and construction of DC arc smelting furnaces
FP Greyling, W Greyling, and FI de Waal
AC- and DC- smelter technology for ferrous metal production
Dr G Kleinschmidt, Dr R Degel, M Köneke, and H Oterdoom
Implementation of the first commercial scale DC smelter for ferronickel production from low grade laterite- technology building blocks and lessons learned
CP Naude and MD Shapiro
Evaluating AC and DC furnace water-cooling systems using CFD analysis
B Henning, M Shapiro, F Marx, D Pienaar, and H Nel
Campaign extension for ferroalloy furnaces with improved tap hole repair system
C Coetzee, PL Duncanson, and P Sylven
New developments in furnace power stabilization with SPLC
M Sedighy, T Ma, and N Voermann
ENGINEERING ASPECTS - LININGS
Session Chairperson:
Refractory wear and lining profile determination in operating electric furnaces using stress wave non-destructive testing (NDT)
A Sadri, P Gebski, and E Shameli
New refractory lining direction at Jindal stainless FeCr #1 and #2 furnaces
C Coetzee, PH Lamont, PL Duncanson, and P Sylven
APPLICATIONS AND USES
Session Chairperson:
SHS-technology of ferroalloys nitriding
MK Ziatdinov and IM Shatokhin
Low-nickel austenitic stainless steels: Metallurgical constraints
PC Pistorius and M du Toit
Ferroalloy design, ferroalloy selection and utilisation optimization with particular focus on stainless steel materials
C-J Rick and M Engholm
Ferroalloys for clean steels production and quality specifications
KV Grigorovich, SS Shibaev, and IV Kostenko
Impurities in commercial ferroalloys and its influence on the steel cleanliness
MM Pande, M Guo, X Guo, D Geysen, S Devisscher, B Blanpain, and P Wollants
Contribution maximization model -case of a ferroalloys manufacturing firm
Dr RK Mohapatra